2018 R'000						2017 R’000
22	PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION
	Profit before tax is stated after taking into account the following items of income and expenditure:
	Income
	Foreign exchange gains				59 827						11 779
	– realised				19 809						11 228
	– unrealised				40 018						551
	Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment				6 697						–
	Expenditure
	Amortisation of intangible assets (refer note 3)				49 971						26 572
	Cost of inventories written down (refer note 6)				11 334						10 860
	Depreciation and impairment charges of property, plant and equipment(refer note 2)				134 755						130 484
	Depreciation				125 236						130 484
	– land and buildings				547						391
	– plant, machinery and equipment				48 330						42 611
	– vehicles				52 497						79 700
	– furniture, fittings and office equipment				19 159						3 912
	– mine properties				4 666						3 847
	– prospecting, exploration, mine development and decommissioning assets				37						23
	Impairment of furniture, fittings and office equipment				9 519						–
	Impairment of non-financial assets (refer note 35.2)				21 564						–
	Realised foreign exchange losses				6 896						401
	Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment				119						–
	Operating lease expenses				12 320						1 213
	Professional fees				56 344						21 264
	Secretarial fees				604						990
	Mining royalty taxes				138 938						178 148
	– chrome				138 543						177 981
	– other				395						167
	Staff costs
	– salaries and wages (included in cost of sales)				683 997						650 626
	– salaries and wages (including executive directors' emoluments)				369 012						327 264
	– contributions to medical aid funds				6 660						5 336
	– pension fund costs (refer note 34)				26 805						49 984